ADA Grab Bars are smooth cylindrical metal bars that are specifically designed to assist people with support and movement in restrooms and other areas. Generally these bars are in toilet stalls or near toilets and in tubs and showers. They help disabled or elderly people move from a wheelchair to the toilet seat. They also assist people who have difficulty walking or people who have difficulty rising from a seated position. These bars are also found in tub and shower areas to assist people with standing, sitting, rising, or general support. Grab bars can be located in other areas of residencial living quarters such as hallways.
ADA Grab Bars are bars that meet very exacting standards set forth by ADA and ABA Accessibility Guidelines for Buildings and Facilities. These standards were adopted after a substantial amount of research was conducted to determine the best placements, sizes, orientations, and strengths for grab bars. For example, most horizontal grab bars should be installed at a height of 33 to 36 inches from the finish floor. In addition, grab bars should not rotate in their fittings and the diameter of all grab bars should be between 1 1/4 and 1 1/2 inches. And the structural strength of all grab bars should be able to support 250 pounds of weight.
ADA Grab Bars in toilet stalls have a number of specific requirements. The side wall grab bar must be at least 42 inches in length and it must be located a maximum of (or no more than) 12 inches from the rear wall. The rear wall grab bar in the toilet stall must be at least 36 inches long and must extend from the centerline of the toilet 12 inches minimum in one direction and 24 inches minimum in the other direction. There is an exception to the length of the rear grab bar if the wall space does not permit the installation of a 36 inch grab bar. In those cases the minimum length of the rear grab bar can be 24 inches and centered on the toilet.
ADA Grab Bars in shower stalls also have specific requirements. In a transfer type shower stall, grab bars must be installed across the control wall and at least 18 inches on the back wall starting at the intersection of the back wall and control wall. In a standard roll-in type shower with a seat there should be grab bars installed on the back wall and the side wall opposite the seat. There should not be any grab bars above the seat. In a standard roll-in type shower without a seat there should be grab bars installed on three walls. These bars should extend the length of the wall and end no farther than 6 inches from the corner of the adjacent wall. In alternate roll-in type showers the grab bars should be installed on two walls, the back wall and the side wall farthest from the entry area. Again, grab bars should not be installed above the seat and no farther than 6 inches from the corner of the adjacent wall.
ADA Grab Bars in bathtub areas have specific standards also. Bathtubs with permanent seats should have two grab bars installed on the back wall. The lower bar should be installed 8 to 10 inches above the rim of the bathtub. The upper grab bar should be installed between 33 and 36 inches above the finished floor. A third grab bar should be installed on the control end wall at the front edge of the bathtub and it should be at least 24 inches in length. In bathtubs without permanent seats the back wall requirements are the same except for the minimum length of the bars, which should be at least 24 inches. The control end wall grab bar requirement is the same. An additional grab bar for the head end wall should be installed with a minimum length of 12 inches at the front edge of the bathtub.
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